Cornea Transplant

Make arrangements to have someone accompany you home after surgery, since you may be groggy. Tell your doctor about any medications you’re taking – prescription or over-the-counter – and ask if you should stop taking some or all of them before the surgery. Finally, follow your doctor’s instructions on drinking or eating before the procedure.

After surgery you’ll be taken to a recovery room to rest for an hour or so until you’re ready to go home. It’s important to wear the protective shield over your eye until your doctor says you can safely remove it – generally within three days of surgery.

You’ll receive eyedrops to control swelling and guard against infection. If your eye feels dry, talk to your doctor about using artificial tears. Never rub or put direct pressure on your eye.

You’ll meet with your eye doctor the next day to check the status of your eye and to look for postoperative problems. Expect to visit your eye doctor every week or two for the first month after surgery and then every two weeks for about three months. It takes about a year for your eye to heal completely.

Until your eye heals, take precautions to keep your eye safe from injury. For at least the first month after surgery:

• Shield your eye. Wear glasses or a patch during the day. Wear your protective shield at night.
• Keep water out of your eye. Wear your protective shield when you shower or wash your hair.
• Avoid dust and sand. These particles can irritate your healing eye.
• Reduce pressure on your eye. Take a break from activities such as exercising, dancing or jogging to avoid putting excess pressure on your eye. Avoid lifting heavy objects.

Move slowly and carefully since your vision may be altered temporarily as your eye heals. When you can return to work depends on what your job involves. Office workers may be comfortable going back to work in a week. Wait six to eight weeks before returning to a manual labor job.

Cornea transplants are relatively safe and have been performed for many years. But, like any surgery, cornea transplants carry the risk of complications. Common signs and symptoms that might represent complications include :

• Decreased vision
• Increased reddening of your eye
• Pain
• Sensitivity to light
• Light flashes or floaters

If any of these symptoms develop and persist for more than six hours, call your eye doctor immediately. Prompt treatment is essential. Without treatment, complications can lead to the need to replace your transplanted cornea.

Though rare, serious complications can occur, including :

• Infection
• Wound problems, such as a broken stitch, which can be uncomfortable and impede healing
• Imperfections on the outermost layer of the cornea, which can cause haze or scarring
• Bleeding
• Swelling in the front of the eye, including inflammation of the iris (iritis)
• Glaucoma – abnormally high pressure inside your eyeball, which can lead to optic nerve damage and vision loss

Follow your ophthalmologist’s directions about your medications and follow-up appointments. Careful adherence to these directions will help prevent complications and allow for early treatment of any problems that might arise.

About one in five people undergoing cornea transplant eventually reject the donor cornea, making it necessary to transplant another one. Rejection most often occurs within the first year after the transplant. Your ophthalmologist may recognize the early signs of rejection and be able to modify your therapy to prevent rejection.

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